Agriculture Census
Methodology
Publication
Detail of Tables
Agriculture Census
Agriculture Census
Agricultural Census of Pakistan has been conducted since 1960 throughout the country after every ten years and six Agricultural Censuses have so far been conducted in 1960, 1972, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, while 7th one has been planned in 2024. Initially, the Agricultural Census Organization (ACO, defunct now) was created as result of Agricultural Census Act, 1958 to conduct the Agricultural Census in Pakistan. Later on, scope of the organization was expanded and four Livestock Censuses were conducted in 1976, 1986, 1996, and 2006 while five Agricultural Machinery Censuses were also conducted in 1968, 1975, 1984,1994, and 2004. All these censuses were conducted decennially as mixture of complete count and sample count based on separate and independent sample design and methodology for each census. Mainly data collection for Agricultural Censuses was done by the Provincial Revenue Departments, for Livestock Censuses by the Provincial Livestock Departments, while for Agricultural Machinery Censuses by the Provincial Agriculture (Extension) Departments.
Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) was emerged as result of promulgation of the General Statistics (Reorganization) Act, 2011 and Agricultural Census Organization stood merged with other counter parts and become part of the PBS. The senior management of the PBS studied guidelines of the World Census of Agriculture (WCA) Programme particularly the WCA 2010 and WCA 2020 published by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, and found that data about agricultural lands, crops, irrigation, livestock population, agricultural practices like machinery etc. can be collected in one go through Agricultural Census. The ground realities and agricultural practices in Pakistan were also discussed and found that usually an agricultural land operator also has livestock as well as agricultural machinery. Therefore, we may have to visit the same household three times in ten years to get data once for agricultural land and crops, then second time to get information about his livestock, and afterwards third time to ask the same household about his agricultural machinery. It was proposed by the PBS that these three censuses (Agricultural, Livestock, and Agricultural Machinery) may be merged to cover in one go as Agricultural Census through integrated approach. The proposal was approved by the PBS Governing Council in 2015, however it was decided that the next agricultural censuses will be conducted quinquennially rather decennially to provide the same data of merged three censuses with more frequency of five years.
For implementation of the decision of the Governing Council, PBS developed new sample design for the merged Agricultural Census with the support of FAO. New questionnaires i.e., Form-1 for listing and Form-2 for enumeration, also developed with the help of provincial agriculture, livestock, CRS, departments and other stakeholders like M/o NFS&R, FAO etc. For 7th Agricultural Census of Pakistan, PBS is responsible for whole census process including planning, preparation, technical guidance, data processing, report writing, and data dissemination. However, for field operation of the 7th Agricultural Census throughout the country including Gilgit Baltistan and Azad State of Jammu & Kashmir, PBS is supported by the provincial and regional governments through providing supervisory and enumeration staff mainly from Revenue, Agriculture (Extension), Livestock, Crop Reporting Service (CRS), BoS, and Education (only a few cases). The provincial and regional governments nominated provincial and district focal persons for 7th Agricultural Census. PBS established Census Support Centres and appointed Census District Coordinator (CDC) at each district under the supervision of Deputy Commissioner who is also district focal person for the census. The CDC also works as Census Master Trainer (CMT) to impart training as well as provide technical guidance during the field operation.
The 7th Agricultural Census is conducted first time using digital technology and Tablets for data collection with monitoring and supervision mechanism even from the National Census Coordination Centre (N3C) at PBS, HQ, Islamabad and also from P3C from PBS provincial offices. The 7th Agricultural Census is conducted with complete enumeration as well as sample enumeration. The Mouza Census 202 as baseline of the 7th Agricultural Census, provided complete information of each and every Mouza / Deh / village of the country about rural statistics showing development indicators at community level. Mouza Census was conducted with complete enumeration and data for community level facilities available to the farming community were collected according to the guidelines of WCA 2020. The big holdings called national certainty holdings (NCH) have also been enumerated completely throughout the country. While rest of the agricultural holdings are enumerated on sample basis. The 7th Agricultural Census has a different and logical feature as compared with past censuses that it emphasized only on the enumeration of agricultural households (HH) by segregating them during listing process while previous agricultural censuses were conducted through selection of HH clusters and the whole selected clusters were enumerated comprising of agricultural and nonagricultural HHs. This approach has been adopted for 7th Agricultural Census in the light of international best practices adopted by countries. Many countries have left the urban areas, small farmers, and small livestock holders with certain threshold while PBS has considered all these segments. The urban blocks identified with livestock concentration and / or agricultural activities according to the data available from Population and Housing Census 2023, were segregated and considered for sampling purpose. All the HHs identified as agricultural HHs during listing have been enumerated in urban areas in any selected block for 7th Agricultural Census 2024.
The collected data for 7th Agricultural Census 2024 will be published in tabulations form comprising of three parts viz agricultural lands and crops, livestock, and agricultural machinery. The census reports will be published as per plan.
- Country Report: showing data at Pakistan and provincial levels.
- Provincial Reports: reporting data for province and each district of the province.
Contact Information
Former Agricultural Census Organization
Address: Gurumangat Road, Gulberg-III, Lahore, Pakistan
Telephone: +92-42-9263180
FAX: +92-42-9263172
E-Mail: agcensus@yahoo.com
Agricultural Census Commissioner
Address: Agricultural Census Commissioner, Agricultural Census Organization, Gurumangat Road, Gulberg-III, Lahore, Pakistan
Telephone: +92-42-9263180, +92-42-9263181
FAX: +92-42-9263172
E-Mail: agcensus@yahoo.com
Methodology
Agriculture Census Methodology
All the censuses of Agricultural Census Wing (ACW) cover four provinces, capital territory, Gilgit Baltistan and Azad State of Jammu and Kashmir. Direct interview method is adopted for the respondents scattered throughout the area covered under the censuses and the responses are recorded on the carefully prepared questionnaires and then computerized / tabulated as per tabulation plan prepared with consent of data users. Salient futures about each of the census conducted by ACW are as under:
- Agricultural Census: It is conducted on sample basis. The sample design and sample size varies for different parts of the country. Provincial Revenue Departments act as the enumeration agency. Household is the source for provision of data.
- Agricultural Machinery Census: This census is carried out on hundred per cent count basis for the agricultural machinery i.e. tractors, combine harvesters, bulldozers, important tractor drawn implements, tube wells, lift pumps, wells with pump, submersible pumps and modern irrigation systems (i.e. sprinkler and trickle / drip). However, the data on related parameters of farm mechanization are collected from the selected tractor, tube well, lift pump, well with pump and submersible pump owners on sample basis. Agricultural Extension Departments of the provinces act as the data collection agency.
- Livestock Census: Livestock Census is also conducted on sample basis with different sampling plans for different areas of the country. Provincial Livestock and Dairy Development Departments perform the functions of data collection. Data is collected from the households.
- Mouza (Village) Census: Mouza Census is carried out on hundred per cent count basis with the assistance of Provincial Revenue Departments. It was initially designed to update lists of mouzas / villages as per latest administrative order to be subsequently used as sampling frame. However, its scope improved overtime to cater for the community level data encompassing the environment within which the rural communities operate and perform various agriculture related functions.
The planners and researchers may study various types of relationships and the changes occurring therein for their planning and research endeavours. The data of ACW are provided to the data users as per data dissemination policy of the PBS
Publication
Agriculture Census Publications
- WRITE-UP Agricultural Census 2010 [pdf]
- All Pakistan Tables (In Acres) [pdf]
- All Pakistan Tables (In Hectares) [pdf]
- KPK-Province Tabulation [pdf]
- Punjab Province Tabulation [pdf]
- Sindh Pronince Tabulation [pdf]
- Balochistan Province Tabulation [pdf]
Introduction
Agriculture is an extremely important sector of Pakistan’s economy. It plays a vital role and lays down the foundation for economic development and growth in this country. Agriculture contributes more than 21 per cent to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and provides employment to 45 per cent of the total labour force of the country. It provides raw material to the industrial sector on one side and is a market of industrial products on the other side. In the export earnings, direct as well as indirect share of agriculture is very high. Thus, it is prudent to construe that agriculture plays a multidimensional role in the economy of Pakistan.
Almost 64 % of the population of Pakistan resides in rural areas and earns its livelihood, directly or indirectly, from agricultural activities e.g. crop cultivation, livestock rearing, labour in agriculture, agriculture input supply, transportation of agricultural output to the market etc. Therefore, development of agriculture is synonymous to the development of the country. The availability of timely, accurate and reliable data is precondition for sound agricultural planning and development. The data from the Agricultural Census thus provide a concrete basis from which the agriculture sector can ultimately develop through evidence-based policy designing. The Agricultural Census Organization (ACO) has conducted five Agricultural Censuses in Pakistan: 1960, 1972, 1980, 1990 and 2000. The present report is the sixth one in the series.
Objectives
The Agricultural Census 2010 was undertaken to fulfil the following objectives:
- To generate basic information on the structure of agriculture.
- To develop detailed basic information about the agricultural resources, state of their utilization and to find out the degree of acceptability of modern farming practices among the farming community for the purpose of regional, provincial and national development, planning and research in the field of agriculture.
- To collect information about livestock population.
- To fulfil data needs of the international agencies like FAO which require the country’s information for a worldwide study of agricultural resources in order to formulate international policies in matters relating to the supply of food and raw materials on sustainable basis.
Legal Basis
The defunct (now) Agricultural Census Act, 1958 ( Act No.XLI of 1958 ) provided the legal basis for census operations throughout the country. The Act made it binding on the Government of Pakistan for the collection of agricultural data and also on the respondents to cooperate with the census enumerators and to furnish information on or with respect to items specified in the said Act. At the same time, the Act assured the secrecy of the information supplied by the respondents. It also bound the interviewer and interviewee not to declare or use this information for any legal proceedings.
Advisory Committee
The census taking exercise was guided by an Advisory Committee. This committee is comprised of about 50 official and non-official members drawn from the concerned Federal and Provincial Government Departments, Universities, Research Institutes, while non-official members come from the progressive farmers. The committee is also comprised of high-level government officials / technical experts from Gilgit Baltistan and Azad Jammu & Kashmir.
Type and Geographical Coverage
As per previous practice and approved procedures, the Agricultural Census 2010 was sample based. The sample design, however, varied for different regions of the country in accordance with the ground realities.
This census covered the entire country, i.e., Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (including Provincially and Federally Administered Tribal Areas, Frontier Regions and Agencies), Punjab (including Islamabad district), Sindh and Balochistan provinces. The geographic coverage was also extended to Gilgit Baltistan and Azad Jammu & Kashmir, each as a separate entity.
Scope of the Census
The scope refers to the range / subjects / items covered by the census. For Agricultural Census 2010 the scope with reference to farm area was restricted to the agricultural farm(s) / holding(s) held and or operated by the Government or by private household(s), individually or collectively or under corporate arrangement at the time of census enumeration. Consequently, the undistributed government lands other than government farms, undistributed portion of the lands resumed by the Government under land reforms, built up areas, land under roads, rails, ravines, rivers, canals, government forests, parks, lakes, water bodies, shallow lands, hills and mountains, etc. falling under the category of non-farm area are outside the scope of the census.
The scope of the present census, as finally approved, included the collection of data on type, size, tenure and parcels of farms, land utilization, irrigation, area under crops and orchards, number of fruit and non-fruit trees, use of manures, fertilizers and plant protection measures, use of agricultural machinery, livestock population, loan and its sources, casual and permanent hired agricultural labour, household members by age, sex, qualification and their contribution towards agriculture, type of residential structures, economic activities of household members and their main source of income.
List of Tables
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- Write-up on Mouza Census 2008 report [pdf]
- Country Report on Mouza Census 2008 Table 1 to 29 & Questionnaire [pdf]
- KPK Province Report on Mouza Census 2008 [pdf]
- Punjab Province Report on Mouza Census 2008 [pdf]
- Sindh Pronince Report on Mouza Census 2008 [pdf]
- Balochistan Province Report on Mouza Census 2008 [pdf]
Introduction
- In Pakistan, the farming communities are inhabiting in compact and or in scattered units called ‘Mouza or Deh’. The area of each mouza / deh is properly demarcated, measured and recorded by ownership in documents of the Revenue Department. Each mouza / deh has a unique name as well as number and referred as the smallest and grossroot level revenue estate. Existence of socio-economic infrastructure in a mouza / deh has reflection on the overall development as well as on agricultural development. The realization for such data was felt strongly during seventies and opened new frontiers for the development of rural Pakistan. As a result, Agricultural Census Organization (ACO) was entrusted with the assignment of meeting the demand for rural statistics such that the development of rural areas may be planned in scientific manner.
- Agricultural Census Organization therefore, planned and executed the exercise of its first kind during 1971 and released the report entitled “Village Statistics 1971”. This report was a by-product of a bigger exercise pertaining to the preparation of sampling frame of mouzas / dehs for settled areas required to draw sample for 1972 Census of Agriculture. The report was appreciated by the academia, researchers and policy makers based on the fact that agricultural development has sound bearing on the socio-economic development of the rural communities.
- Since then, it became incumbent upon ACO to carryout this exercise quinquennially on regular basis, once while up-dating sampling frame for Agricultural Census and then for Livestock Census. Subsequently, this exercise attained the status of a full fledged census with the title of Mouza Census. The coverage and scope of the census was also enlarged over the years. Till today, ACO has conducted eight such censuses and released reports each in 1971, 1979, 1983, 1988, 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008.
- The district governments being the third but important tier of governance as well as of rural development planning caused to further increase the importance of socio-economic statistics at tehsil and district levels. Consequently, the Mouza Census has attained pivotal position over the years with the increased de-centralized development planning and execution.
Objectives
- Updating mouzas / dehs / villages / killies lists by administrative units for drawing sample for Agricultural Census 2010.
- To provide aggregated statistical data on socio-economic characteristics of mouzas / dehs / villages / killies by administrative units.
- To collect useful information for planners, policy makers and researchers who are interested in the development of rural areas.
Coverage
Except Bajour Agency, North Waziristan Agency, South Waziristan Agency, F.R Kurram, Kurram Agency and Orakzai Agency (not covered due to unfavourable circumstances) all the settled and unsettled mouzas / dehs / villages / killies of NWFP, Punjab, Sindh and Balochistan Provinces as well as of Northern Areas and Azad Jammu & Kashmir have been provided coverage in Mouza Census 2008. All the mouzas / dehs / villages / killies have been covered irrespective of the type of their status. However, the socio-economic information relating to the rural populated mouzas / dehs/ villages / killies (comprising of rural and partly urban mouzas / dehs / villages / killies) have been presented in tabular form in the report. Whereas, limited information (upto column-8 of the questionnaire i.e Form-11) have been collected for urban, forest and un-inhabited (BE-CHIRAGH) mouzas / dehs which was mainly required for updating of the lists (sampling frame) because the socio-economic information about them was considered logically redundant.
Report
Tables
- All Pakistan Report (Introduction) [pdf]
- All Pakistan Report Livestock Census 2006 [pdf]
- KPK Province ReportLivestock Census 2006 [pdf]
- Punjab Province ReportLivestock Census 2006 [pdf]
- SINDH Province ReportLivestock Census 2006 [pdf]
- Balochistan Province ReportLivestock Census 2006 [pdf]
- Special Report – Data on Milk Yield and its Parameters, Animals Slaughtered for Meat and Commercial Poultry [pdf]
- Write-up Pakistan Agricultural Machinery Census 2004 [pdf]
- All Pakistan Report Tables [pdf]
- KPK Province Tables [pdf]
- Punjab Province Tables [pdf]
- Sindh Pronince Tables [pdf]
- Balochistan Province Tables [pdf]
Introduction
Since its inception, Pakistan is experiencing rapid growth in human population despite tremendous efforts to check population explosion. Over the years the population density had been increasing, land to man ratio deteriorating, and the food and cloth requirements intensifying.
On the contrary, the scope for increase in cultivated area over the years has always been marginal. Therefore, the expectations of a wide gap between future food requirements and supplies are high which may possibly be reduced by improving average yields by intensive use of agricultural machinery. It is obvious that use of agricultural machinery not only speed up cultivation process but also accelerate harvesting and threshing operations. It is also instrumental to maximization of agricultural production by increasing land use and cropping intensities. Therefore, planning for judicious use of Agricultural Machinery is of utmost importance which, inter alia, depends upon availability of reliable and timely statistics.
The use of Agricultural Machinery is increasing day by day in Pakistan like other agricultural countries of the world which has necessitated periodic stocktaking of Agricultural Machinery as a regular activity. Realizing this fact in Pakistan, the first Agricultural Machinery Census was conducted in 1968, second in 1975, third in 1984 and fourth in 1994.
The current Agricultural Machinery Census is fifth in succession and was conducted in 2004. It has an edge over the previous censuses on account of the fact that it has also attempted to cover bulldozers, combine harvesters, wells with pump, submercible pumps, modern irrigation systems (MISs) and a large number of farm implements for the first time. Salient objectives of this census are as under:
Objectives
- To generate estimates of number of tractors, bulldozers, combine harvesters, tractor drawn and other farm implements.
- To develop statistics on tractors by make, model, power and working condition.
- To provide the number of tube wells / wells with pump / lift pumps / submercible pumps by type of motive power
- To ascertain information on the privately owned tube wells / wells with pump / lift pumps / submercible pumps by type of ownership, year of installation, their suction and delivery capacity.
- To reckon the households owning tractors and tube wells by type and source of finance.
- To provide data about the extent and type of use of agricultural machines on own farms and the practice of renting out tractor time and tube well water.
- To gauge the number of privately owned modern irrigation systems (MISs) i.e. sprinkler and trickle / drip irrigation systems.
Scope
The scope of this census was primarily confined to:
- All public and private tractors / bulldozers / combine harvesters used wholly or partly for agricultural purposes. Tractors / bulldozers maintained and used entirely for non-agricultural purposes were not covered in the census.
- The farm implements normally pulled by or motivated with tractor and in possession of tractor owners.
- All public and private tube wells / wells with pump / lift pumps / submercible pumps used for irrigation purposes. These machines sunk for drinking water fell outside the scope of this census.
- Ascertaining the extent and pattern of use of the privately owned farm machinery mentioned above.
- All private modern irrigation systems (MISs) installed for agricultural purposes.
List of Tables
Detail of Tables
Agricultural Machinery
Area Under Important Crops
Livestock Population
Consumer Price Index-Annual (5.7% - 2021)
Foreign Trade (2022-2023)
GDP Growth Rate-Annual (-0.38 % 2019-2020)
Consumer Price Index-Annual (5.7% - 2021)
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Foreign Trade (2022-2023)
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GDP Growth Rate-Annual (-0.38 % 2019-2020)
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Tables
- Table - 1 Consumer price index and change rates by main expenditure groups
- Table - 2 Consumer price index and rates of change
Statistical Tables
- Special comprehensive CPI indicators
- Consumer price index average prices of selected items
Reports
- There is no report for the bulletin.
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Definition : Consumer price index (CPI) measures the change over time in the prices of goods and services for consumption by households. The main purpose of the CPI with a base year of 2003 is; is to calculate the inflation rate by measuring the change in the prices of goods and services subject to consumption in the market. For this purpose, all final monetary consumption expenditures of households, foreign visitors and corporate population in the country are taken into account. This concept excludes the production of households for their own consumption from consumption expenditures and the relative rents valid for households.
Classifications: Individual Consumption Classification by Purpose (COICOP) was used in determining the weights and calculating the index, and these expenditures were grouped under 12 main groups and 43 subgroups. 404 items are included in the index.
International and regional guidance: There is no significant difference between Turkey’s methodology and the relevant international and regional standards set out in EUROSTAT.
Source of weights: Household Budget Survey conducted with approximately 15 000 households (3 years total 45 000) from all socio-economic groups annually, institutional population survey, tourism survey for the expenditures of foreign nationals in Turkey and expenditure and turnover information obtained from administrative records. It is calculated by expanding the National Accounts Household Final Consumption Expenditure data with the change rates.
For seasonal products, a constant weight approach is used.
The period to which the current weights belong is: December of the year (t-1).
In the CPI with a base year of 2003 = 100, all final monetary consumption expenditures made for the purpose of consuming goods and services domestically are taken as basis. In the index, prices are compiled from a total of 228 districts, including all 81 provincial centers. Within the scope of CPI, 564 710 prices from 27 411 workplaces are compiled monthly and 5 246 tenants are followed within the scope of the index. The number of workplaces and prices may vary throughout the year depending on the seasonal structure.
Population coverage: Population coverage of the index; It is determined as the total population living in Turkey, without any discrimination based on income groups or geographical regions.
Geographic coverage: All domestic final monetary consumption expenditures of households, foreign visitors and corporate population were taken into account.
FPrice coverage: The price coverage of the index is determined as purchase prices. Prices are determined as cash payments including taxes, and installment sales or negotiated prices are not taken into account.
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